目前，湖北省已經(jīng)有五座國(guó)家歷史文化名城，分別為荊州、武漢、襄陽(yáng)市、隨州市、鐘祥。這些城市的名字，是荊楚大地歷史文化的標(biāo)簽，它們是古老文化的搖籃，是民族精神的棲息地。在這里，歷史與現(xiàn)實(shí)交織，傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代碰撞，共同譜寫(xiě)出一曲動(dòng)人心弦的文化之歌。

Currently, Hubei Province is home to five national historical and cultural cities, namely Jingzhou, Wuhan, Xiangyang, Suizhou, and Zhongxiang. The names of these cities are the labels of the rich historical and cultural heritage of the Jingchu Land. They are cradles of ancient culture and habitat to the national spirit. Here, history intertwines with reality and tradition collides with modernity, together composing a moving and melodious cultural song.

荊州

Jingzhou

荊州古城 圖/荊楚網(wǎng)

荊州，位于湖北省中部偏南，地處長(zhǎng)江中游，江漢平原西部，南臨長(zhǎng)江，北依漢水，西控巴蜀，南通湘粵，又稱(chēng)江陵。從春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)到五代十國(guó)，先后有34代帝王在此建都，歷時(shí)515年。

Jingzhou, also known as Jiangling, is located in the south-central Hubei Province and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, west of Jianghan Plain, facing the Yangtze River to the south, bordering the Hanshui River to the north, strategically holding Sichuan Province to the west, and connecting Hunan and Guangdong Province to the south. From the Spring and Autumn Period (770 B.C.—476 B.C.) and Warring State Period (476 B.C.—220 B.C.) to the Five Dynasties and Ten States Period (907 A.D.—979 A.D.), 34 emperors had their capitals here for 515 years. 

荊州古城 圖/荊州文旅之聲

楚王車(chē)馬陣 圖/荊州文旅之聲

春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)曾為楚都城，秦置南郡，漢置江陵，唐為江陵府，明、清為荊州府治所，是我國(guó)歷史上的名城重鎮(zhèn)。江陵地理位置重要，水陸交通方便，三國(guó)時(shí)諸葛亮稱(chēng)它“北據(jù)漢沔，利盡南海，東連吳會(huì)，西通巴蜀”，為歷代兵家必爭(zhēng)之地。

As the capital of Chu State in the Spring and Autumn Period, Jingzhou has been an important strategic city since ancient times. Jingzhou was established as Nanzhou Prefecture in the Qin Dynasty. In Han Dynasty it was Jiangling County. In Tang Dynasty it was established as Jiangling Prefecture. In Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty Jingzhou was the seat of Jingzhou Prefecture. For the advantageous geographic location and convenient land-and-water transportation, it has always been a town of great military importance. 

荊州博物館 圖/荊州新聞網(wǎng)

張居正故居 圖/荊州古城歷史文化旅游區(qū)

賓陽(yáng)樓 圖/荊州文旅之聲

江陵（現(xiàn)荊州）氣候溫和，物產(chǎn)豐富，經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)，是長(zhǎng)江流域的重要商業(yè)城市。荊州城內(nèi)的文物古跡很多，著名的有楚紀(jì)南故城遺址、八嶺山古墓群、明代城垣，以及玄妙觀、太暉觀等古建筑。1982年2月被國(guó)務(wù)院公布為第一批國(guó)家歷史文化名城。

Jiangling(Jingzhou) is abundant in natural resources and enjoys a mild climate. With prosperous economy, Jiangling is an important commercial city in the Yangtze River Basin. There are a lot of antiques and historic sites in Jingzhou, such as the famous Site of Chujinan City, the Ancient Tombs at Baling Hill, the City Wall of Ming Dynasty, and ancient architectures such as Xuanmiao Taoist Temple and Taihui Taoist Temple. Jingzhou was among the first list of national historical and cultural cities as published by the State Council in February 1982.

武漢
Wuhan

圖/陳威霖

武漢，位于湖北江漢平原東部，長(zhǎng)江中游，別稱(chēng)江城。市區(qū)由隔長(zhǎng)江和漢水鼎立的武昌、漢口、漢陽(yáng)三鎮(zhèn)組成。龜山和蛇山雄踞大江南北，其形狀使武漢成為長(zhǎng)江中游的咽喉，南北交通的樞紐，素有“九省通衢”之稱(chēng)。

Wuhan, known as Jiangcheng (River City), is located in the east of Jianghan Plain, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The Yangtze River and its largest tributary Hanshui River meet in Wuhan and cut the city into three parts, Wuchang, Hankou, and Hanyang, namely “Three towns of Wuhan”. Turtle Hill and Snake Hill bestride on both sides of the Yangtze River, whose shape makes Wuhan the throat of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the transportation hub between the north and the south, enjoying the fame of “Thoroughfare of Nine Provinces.” 

圖/陳威霖

湖北省博物館 圖/哦嚯Wuhooo

武漢歷史悠久，自商周、春秋、戰(zhàn)國(guó)以來(lái)即為重要的古城鎮(zhèn)，盤(pán)龍城為中國(guó)最古老的城市之一。宋、元、明、清以來(lái)就是全國(guó)重要名鎮(zhèn)。

With its longstanding history, Wuhan has been an important city since the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period. Panlong City is one of the oldest cities in China. And it has been a major city of China since Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. 

辛亥革命武昌起義紀(jì)念館 圖/新華社記者 程敏 攝

黃鶴樓 圖/陳威霖

武漢東湖 圖/湖北文旅小紅書(shū)

武漢還是革命的城市。辛亥革命武昌起義、“二七”大罷工、“八七”會(huì)議等都發(fā)生在這里。現(xiàn)存的革命遺址、名勝古跡有武昌起義軍政府舊址、二七罷工舊址、八七會(huì)議會(huì)址、向警予和施洋烈士墓及勝象寶塔、洪山寶塔、歸元寺、黃鶴樓、東湖風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)等。1986年12月被國(guó)務(wù)院公布為第二批國(guó)家歷史文化名城。

Wuhan is also a revolutionary city, where Wuchang uprising, the Great Strike of February 7, 1923, and August 7th Meeting all took place. Existing revolutionary sites and places of interests include the site of the Military Government of Wuchang Uprising, the former site of the Great Strike of February 7, 1923, the site of August 7th Meeting, the graves of martyrs, Xiang Jingyu and Shi Yang. Tourist attractions include Shengxiang Pagoda, Hongshan Pagoda, Guiyuan Temple, Yellow Crane Tower, and East Lake. Wuhan was among the second list of national historical and cultural cities as published by the State Council in December 1986.

襄陽(yáng)

Xiangyang

襄陽(yáng)古城 圖/襄陽(yáng)文化旅游

襄陽(yáng)，位于湖北省西北部，漢水中游。為中國(guó)歷史最悠久的地區(qū)之一。遠(yuǎn)在60萬(wàn)年前，人類(lèi)已在此繁衍生息。襄陽(yáng)以地處襄水（今南渠）之陽(yáng)而得名。襄陽(yáng)筑城于漢初。

Xiangyang, is located in the northwest of Hubei Province and the middle reaches of Han River. It is one of areas with the longest history in China because human beings have been living here since 600,000 years ago. Xiangyang got the name because it is located in the north bank (Yang) of Xiang River (now called Nanqu). Xiangyang City was first built in the early Han Dynasty. 

襄陽(yáng)盛世唐城 圖/襄陽(yáng)發(fā)布

圖/新華網(wǎng)

自東漢獻(xiàn)帝初平元年（190年）荊州牧劉表徙治襄陽(yáng)始，襄陽(yáng)歷來(lái)為府、道、州、路、縣治所。襄陽(yáng)交通發(fā)達(dá)，自古即為交通要輳，素有“南襄隘道”“南船北馬”“七省通衢”之稱(chēng)，歷來(lái)為南北通商和文化交流的通道。

Since the official Liu Biao started to administrate Xiangyang in 190 A.D., Xiangyang has been a administrative seat of all levels of administrative districts. Xiangyang has been a traffic hub since ancient times for its well developed transportation system. Known as “The Strategic Passage of North and South” and “A Thoroughfare of Seven Provinces”, Xiangyang has always been a passageway for north-south trading and cultural exchanges. 

古隆中 圖/襄陽(yáng)文化旅游

習(xí)家池 圖/Pink武漢

峴山國(guó)家森林公園 圖/Wuhooo哦嚯 

襄陽(yáng)文物資源豐富，園林較多，城西的隆中山為“三顧茅廬”“隆中對(duì)”的發(fā)生地，現(xiàn)有鄧城、鹿門(mén)寺、夫人城、隆中諸葛亮故居、多寶佛塔、綠影壁、米公祠、杜甫墓、習(xí)家池等勝跡。1986年12月被國(guó)務(wù)院公布為第二批國(guó)家歷史文化名城。

Xiangyang is rich in cultural relics and gardens. For example, Mountain Longzhong in the west of the city is the place where old tales about the “Three Visits to the Hut” and “Long Zhong Strategies” occurred. Other historical sites include Dengcheng City, Lumen Temple, Furen City, Zhuge Liang’s former residence in Long Zhong, Duobao Stupa, Lvying Wall, Mi's Ancestral Hall, Tomb of Dufu, and Xi's Pool. Xiangyang was among the second list of national historical and cultural cities as published by the State Council in December 1986.

隨州

Suizhou

圖/隨州日?qǐng)?bào)

隨州，位于江漢平原與中原之間的過(guò)渡丘陵帶。是“西通宛洛，南達(dá)吳越，地當(dāng)荊豫要沖，扼阻襄漢咽喉”的鄂北重鎮(zhèn)。

Suizhou, is located in the hill transition zone between the Jianghan Plain and the Central Plain, Suizhou is an important city in the north of Huibei Province. 

圖/隨州大洪山風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)

圖/炎帝故里

西周封為姬姓隨國(guó)，春秋時(shí)其地域?yàn)殡S、厲、唐等國(guó)，戰(zhàn)國(guó)末楚滅隨，并厲、唐設(shè)置隨縣，秦漢因襲，隸屬南陽(yáng)郡。西魏時(shí)升隨為州，唐、宋、元，明、清均置州，中華民國(guó)降州為縣?，F(xiàn)存名勝古跡有文峰塔、歲公橋（李公橋）、烈山神農(nóng)洞遺址、烈山神農(nóng)碑、陜西會(huì)館鐵旗桿。

In the Western Zhou Dynasty (1046 B.C.—771 B.C.), this place was canonized to Ji clan and named Sui State. In the Spring and Autumn Period, the territory belonged to the Sui, Li, Tang and other states. At the end of Warring States Period, the Chu State demised the Sui State and combined Li and Tang into the Sui County. In the Qin and Han Dynasties, it inherited the former system which was under the jurisdiction of Nanyang Prefecture. In the Western Wei Dynasty, Sui was upgraded to prefecture, and the same was true in Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became a county during the Republic of China period. The existing sites include Wenfeng Pagoda, Suigong Bridge (Li Gong Bridge), the Site of Shennong Cave and Shennong Monument in Mount Lie, and Iron Flagpole of Shaanxi Hall. 

圖/隨州市博物館

圖/隨州文旅之聲

古城保存有一段土筑城垣、漢東樓和護(hù)城河遺跡。城郊保存了大批古墓葬和古文化遺跡，其中著名的曾侯乙編鐘等珍貴文物出土于城西郊的擂鼓墩。唐代李白、北宋歐陽(yáng)修曾游居于此。

The ancient city has preserved a section of earthen city wall, Handong Tower, and the site of city moat. Large quantities of ancient tombs and ancient cultural relics in the suburbs were under good protection. For example, the famous Chime-bells from the Tomb of Marquis Yi of the Zeng State were unearthed at Leigudun in the western suburb of the city. The poet Li Bai (701—762) in Tang Dynasty and the Scholar Ouyang Xiu (1007—1072) in the Northern Song Dynasty traveled to this area. 

大洪山金頂 圖/王運(yùn)良 攝影

隨州千年銀杏谷 圖/韓起璞 攝影

抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期，新四軍第五師在隨南九口堰建軍。李先念等于此通電就職，保存有新四軍五師司令部舊址。1994年1月4日被國(guó)務(wù)院公布為第三批國(guó)家歷史文化名城。

During the Anti-Japanese War, the 5th Division of New Fourth Army was founded at Qiukouyan in the south of Suizhou, where Li Xiannian (a former revolutionist of the Communist Party of China) was inaugurated. Today, the site of the New Fourth Army Fifth Division Headquarters is under good preservation. Suizhou was among the third list of national historical and cultural cities as published by the State Council in January 4, 1994.

鐘祥

Zhongxiang

圖/鐘祥文旅

鐘祥，位于湖北省中部，漢江中游，面積4488平方千米，人口105萬(wàn)人，是楚文化發(fā)祥地之一，有文字記載歷史長(zhǎng)達(dá) 2700多年，春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)稱(chēng)郊郢，系楚國(guó)陪都， 明朝時(shí)是全國(guó)三大直轄府之一承天府所在地。

Zhongxiang is located in the central Hubei Province and the middle part of Han River, covering an area of 4,488 square kilometers, with a population of 10.5 million people. Zhongxiang is one of the birthplaces of the Chu culture with a recorded history of over 2,700 years. During the Warring States Period, Zhongxiang was called Jiaoying, as the alternative capital of Chu State. While in the Ming Dynasty, it was the seat of Chengtianfu province, which was one of the three provinces that were directly under the central Government. 

圖/鐘祥文旅

悠久的歷史，孕育了光輝燦爛的楚文化，造就了楚辭文學(xué)家宋玉、楚歌舞藝術(shù)家莫愁女等一批在歷史上產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響的人物；明嘉靖皇帝曾發(fā)跡于此，構(gòu)筑了全國(guó)最大的單體帝陵——顯陵和氣勢(shì)恢弘的明代建筑群。

With a long history, Zhongxiang fostered the splendid Chu culture and created a number of figures who had a profound historical influence in history, such as literator Song Yu of Chu Ci and artist Mochounyu. In the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Jiajing rose to power and position here. He ordered workers to build the largest individual imperial mausoleum-Xianling Imperial Mausoleum and magnificent Ming style architectural complex. 

大口國(guó)家森林公園 圖/鐘祥文旅

黃仙洞 圖/鐘祥文旅

黃仙洞 圖/荊門(mén)文旅

顯陵，原名獻(xiàn)陵，是明嘉靖皇帝的父親朱佑?xùn)z、母親蔣氏的合葬墓，是中南六省惟一的一座明代帝陵。旅游資源十分豐富，有國(guó)家級(jí)大洪山風(fēng)景區(qū)，國(guó)家級(jí)大口森林公園等自然景觀，特別是黃仙洞2萬(wàn)多平方米的喀斯特地貌為世界罕見(jiàn)。1994年1月4日被國(guó)務(wù)院公布為第三批國(guó)家歷史文化名城。

Emperor Jiajing’s parents were buried in the Xianling Imperial Mausoleum, which is the only mausoleum of emperor in the six provinces of south-central China. In addition, Zhongxiang is abundant in tourism resources, such as the national-level Dahongshan scenic spot, and Dakou Forest Park. The Huangxian Cave covers a karst area over 20,000 square meters, which is exceptionally rare in the world. Zhongxiang was among the third list of national historical and cultural cities as published by the State Council in January 4, 1994.

來(lái)源：湖北文旅